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Purl.js可以帮助我们来获取地址栏的一些信息， 可以使用原生js，也可以使用jQuery

Attributes Info
source The whole url being parsed
protocol eg. http, https, file, etc
host eg. www.mydomain.com, localhost etc
port eg. 80
relative The relative path to the file including the querystring (eg. /folder/dir/index.html?item=value)
path The path to the file (eg. /folder/dir/index.html)
directory The directory part of the path (eg. /folder/dir/)
file The basename of the file eg. index.html
query The entire query string if it exists, eg. item=value&item2=value2
fragment or anchor The entire string after the # symbol

初始化：

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var url;
var myurl;

$("#clickBtn").find('button').click(function(e) {
  var res, resInfo;

  myurl = $("#urlArea").val();
  // 如果myurl为空，则会获取当前页面的url
  url = purl(myurl);

  $("#urlArea").val(myurl);

  res = $(this).text();
  resInfo = getUrlInfo(url, res);

  $("#inputRes").val(resInfo);
});

function getUrlInfo(url, res) {
  if (res === 'param') {
    return url.param();
  } else if (res === 'segment') {
    return url.segment();
  } else {
    return url.attr(res);
  }
}

运行试试看：

截图如下所示：

截图

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